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Chapters for this volume, along with copies of original in-text images, are available here.
Object type: Part of cross-head [1] [2]
Measurements:
H. 15 cm (6 in); W. 23 cm (9 in); D. not known.
These measurements derive from Cox (Allen 1894, 29), though an annotation to a version of his drawing (Allen 1895, 164) gives a height measurement of 8.5 in.
Stone type: Unobtainable
Plate numbers in printed volume: Ill. 46
Corpus volume reference: Vol 9 p. 54
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Cox's drawings (in Allen 1894; 1895) and the British Museum photograph show an upper or lateral wedge-shaped cross-arm (type B6) with parts of a ring attached to right and left. Though not recorded by Cox the arm is given a flat moulding border.
The ring indicates that the carving belongs to the Viking period. The form of the centre of the cross-head is uncertain: it may have had a central disc or carried narrow V-shaped armpits. Wedge-shaped arms, however, are in general a late feature (Cramp 2006, 158–9), and there are several parallels for this type and size of undecorated ring-head, ranging geographically from Glastonbury Tor to Lythe and Wensley in Yorkshire (Cramp 2006, ills. 255–7; Lang 2001, ills. 494–5, 877).
[1] Most of the pre-Norman sculpture from this site has been lost. Its original discovery and subsequent history are recorded in a letter dated 13 May 1936, to the editor of the Bebington News, from Mrs A. Anderson, a copy of which is preserved in the files of the former Department of Medieval and Later Antiquities (now Prehistory and Europe) in the British Museum. This states that the stones were found in 1863 when the church — itself built in 1828 — was demolished; they had apparently been used in its foundations. The carvings were then placed in a pile on the lawn of the Rectory garden. This assemblage, of which photographs survive in the British Museum departmental files (Ills. 43–57), was dispersed in 1909. The transom fragment (Bromborough 3) along with two shaft fragments (no. 1) were then placed on the windowsill in the south porch of the church; a fragment of an 'upright grave cros' was set on the windowsill of the north porch, and the rest were distributed around the walls and rockeries of the Rectory. In May 1933 there was a proposal to develop the Rectory site and the Bromborough Society tried to intervene to save the stones. The Society was rebuffed and the builder who took over the property subsequently claimed not to have recognised any carvings. It was at this stage that most of the sculpture seems to have been destroyed. The later treatment of the surviving stones is described below.
[2] The following are general references to the Bromborough stones: Ormerod 1875–82, III, 899; (–) 1890, 250; Cox, E. 1895, 242–3; Anderson, A. 1934; Sylvester and Nulty 1958, 14; Higham, N. 1993b, 132. The following is an unpublished manuscript reference: BL Add. MS 37547, item 653 (Romilly Allen collection).
