Volume 2: Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire-North-of-the-Sands

Select a site alphabetically from the choices shown in the box below. Alternatively, browse sculptural examples using the Forward/Back buttons.

Chapters for this volume, along with copies of original in-text images, are available here.

Current Display: Lowther 07a-b, Westmorland Forward button Back button
Overview
Present Location
Church porch, inside
Evidence for Discovery
Recorded in 1936 as having come 'recently' from mound in south-west corner of churchyard. Probably identifiable as one of tomb-covers which in 1866 were known to be buried in Quale burial ground (Simpson 1874, 11; R.C.H.M. 1936, 160)
Church Dedication
St Michael
Present Condition
a, fair; b, badly worn on face A
Description

Recumbent slab. There is a broad, plain roll moulding between the top and sides but the other border of the sides is rough and undressed, suggesting that it may have been on the ground surface.

A (top): The single panel is framed by an additional inner border and carries tendril interlace, terminating at the top of fragment a in a bar terminal linked to a form of ring-knot; the continuation of this ornament on fragment b has been cut away.

B (long): Interlace, free rings and long diagonals, using contoured strands and terminating on fragment a in an animal's head, the beast biting the other loose end of the interlace with its fanged mouth. The animal has a curled upper nostril and almond shaped eye. Pellets are set between the lower frame and the free rings.

D (long): T-pattern, meander type 2 (G.I., fig. 27).

C and E (ends): Plain.

Discussion

Since there is no taper on the stone and there has never been any carving on the bottom it seems certain that this was a recumbent slab. The decoration has strong links with the Isle of Man. The asymmetrical interlace motif on the top of the stone is one which is ubiquitous on Man yet occurs nowhere else in stone sculpture outside the island in such a full version (Ill. 681; Kermode 1907, 43, 150). A group of carvings from Yorkshire admittedly employ the motif sporadically (Collingwood 1915a, 136, 213, 240) – and it occurs among the minor arts elsewhere – but it seems reasonable to interpret this Lowther occurrence as a reflex of Manx usage (which itself was no doubt influenced by a Scandinavian taste for binding offshoots). The other patterns used here (T-pattern and contoured interlace) are also popular on Man. The animal head on side B is characteristic of Insular Jellinge and further confirms the tenth-century date of the carving.

Date
Tenth century
References
Simpson 1874, 11; R.C.H.M. 1936, lxv, 160, pl. 5; Bailey 1974a, I, 258–61, 381, II, 200–1, pls.; Bailey 1980, 218, fig. 61b; Wilson and Klindt-Jensen 1980, 109; Tweddle 1980, 26, fig. 5; Bailey 1984, 24
Endnotes
1. A name runcrosbanc is recorded in 1286 in this parish (Smith 1967, II, 187).

Forward button Back button
mouseover