Volume 2: Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire-North-of-the-Sands

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Current Display: Brigham 09, Cumberland Forward button Back button
Overview
Present Location
In church
Evidence for Discovery
First recorded in 1881; probably found during restorations of 1864 or 1875-6 (Calverley 1883a, 211-12; Fletcher 1880)
Church Dedication
St Bridget
Present Condition
Face A has been partly cut away and side D totally recut
Description

The socket hole is surrounded by a roll moulding and the outer edge of the top is bordered by a cabled moulding. Apart from this upper cabled moulding the full-length panels on the side faces are otherwise framed by a plain roll moulding.

A: The entire panel is occupied by the contoured body of a crouching animal whose spiral hip and three-toed back leg are set in the right-hand part of the panel. There is a small curled tail in the upper right corner.

B: To the left is the contoured body of a sprawling animal whose lower parts dissolve into interlace consisting of a register of half pattern C with bar terminal, the strands being median-incised. The animal's bird-like head is seen in profile with a round eye set within a domed forehead. The three-toed paws flanking this head are attached to the body by contoured shoulders. The tail terminating the interlace curls under the body.

C: Interlace of changing six-cord patterns. The terminal is a pattern E unit with included terminal. This is linked to a half pattern C with added diagonal which, in turn, joins to a half pattern C with outside strands. Next follows a form of ring-knot(?) terminating, in the upper right corner, in a beast head with a single ear and long jaws, the lower of which is curled; beneath the eye is an incised spiral.

D: Recut.

E (top): Surrounding the socket hole three sides each carry one register of half pattern C, irregularly laid out, whilst the fourth side (above face B) is decorated with a register of pattern A(?) terminating in an animal's head whose jaws, similar to those on face C, bite onto the loose tail. The eye is strongly marked and there are traces of spiralling below it which suggest that the beast resembled the animal on face C in this detail also.

Discussion

The animal ornament, with its use of contouring and spiral hips, is clearly influenced by Jellinge art. The basic disposition of the animals on faces A and B can, however, be traced back to pre-Viking Anglian art (see p. 26). The socket from Beckermet St John (no. 7) is similar in shape and this form may represent a local fashion.

Date
Tenth century
References
Calverley 1883a, 211–12, 214–15, figs. II–V; Calverley 1883b, 144; Calverley 1883c, 377; Stephens 1884–9, 3–5, figs. on 3; Allen 1885, 354; Kermode 1892–6, 363; Calverley 1899a, 72–5, 294, figs. on 72; Collingwood 1901a, 274–5, figs. on 275; Collingwood 1903a, 382–3; Stevens 1904, 89;Collingwood 1911a, 299; Collingwood 1915a, 251; Scott 1920, 63; Collingwood 1923c, 250; Collingwood 1927a, 155, fig. 183; Bailey 1974a, I, 184–378, II, 62–3, pls.; Cramp 1978, fig. 1.2, r; Bailey 1980, 242; Bailey forthcoming a
Endnotes

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