Volume 3: York and Eastern Yorkshire

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Current Display: York Minster 27, York Forward button Back button
Overview
Present Location
Yorkshire Museum, York
Evidence for Discovery
Found during excavations of 1966 - 71, reused in thirteenth-century composite coffin in west aisle of south transept
Church Dedication
St Peter
Present Condition
Broken away at base and chipped on one corner; carved surfaces well preserved
Description

A (broad): There is a narrow plain edge moulding. This contains an incised cross, type B10 with splayed arms and narrow curved arm-pits. It has a circle at the centre, and the lower arm is perched on a slender stem, which in turn stands on a stepped base, or Calvary.

B and D (narrow): A plain edge moulding runs along the sides and top continuously.

C (broad): The edge moulding is identical with that of the other faces. The panel has a primitive cross cut in two intersecting incised lines. A circle is placed at the intersection and the ends are expanded triangles. The lower arm stands upon a stem consisting of a single line.

Discussion

Whilst it resembles in several terms the cross-bearing stelae, its workmanship is crude by comparison. The stepped Calvary is unusual in pre-Conquest sculpture. It is an amateurish piece, though the mouldings are trim enough. A less ambitious version of the splayed-arm cross is found on no. 29, and both may be poor copies of accomplished relief carvings like the two grave-markers at Wensley, North Riding (Collingwood 1907, 407–8, figs. a–b on 409). More distant comparatives should be considered in Hackness 2 (Ill. 467), and Bewcastle 4, Cumberland (Bailey and Cramp 1988, ill. 127).

Date
Late eighth to ninth century
References
Unpublished
Endnotes

1. All the pieces from the Minster were discovered as a result of the excavations of 1966-71 by H. Ramm and D. Phillips. They are to be published as a handlist, together with a critical essay, in the forthcoming Royal Commission volume on the excavations. That publication will provide the finer detail of their archaeological contexts, both in a table, and in a description of the excavation of the south transept cemetery.
The following are general references to the stones: Wilson 1978, 142; Hall 1980b, 7, 21; Lang 1988b, 8, 12; Lang 1989, 5.


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