Volume 5: Lincolnshire

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Current Display: Lincoln (St Mark) 06a–b, Lincolnshire Forward button Back button
Overview
Present Location
See Lincoln (St Mark) no. 1.
Evidence for Discovery
Found in archaeological excavations of St Mark's church in 1976 reused in the foundations of the rebuilt nave south wall or its contemporary south-west buttress in the early or mid thirteenth century (Gilmour and Stocker 1986, 23–6, 63). It probably originated in the churchyard cleared to allow this enlargement of the church.
Church Dedication
St Mark
Present Condition
Good; upper surface slightly abraded
Description

Two non-joining pieces from the upper and lower ends of the same flat, slightly tapering cover, of which a middle section of unknown size does not survive. Decoration is confined to the upper surface and is incised.

A (top): Stone 6a. There is no border. Decoration is limited to a plain cross with rectangular arms of type A1 that do not extend to the cover's edge but leave space as if for a border. In the upper left and right fields are triquetras (Cramp 1991, fig. 25 Bi), that on the left badly laid out and executed as if the carver had set out to do a closed-circuit pattern with four points (as Cramp 1991, fig. 24B, or St Mark 8, Ill. 248) and been forced to amend it. Below the cross-arm the points of a further pair of incised knots survive, truncated by the stone having been split for secondary use.

Stone 6b. The cross stem splays out towards the lower corners of the cover and carries a reserved pattern of two elongated mirror-image triangles that produce a tridentine or tripartite foot.

B and D (long) and C (end): Undecorated.

E (end): Broken.

F (bottom): Original roughly dressed surface.

Discussion

This is a much simplified and derived version of the covers from Hackthorn and Lincoln City (Broadgate) (Ills. 187–9, 231). It maintains a similarly proportioned cross form including its rather elongated upper arm but fails to fill the resulting fields with motifs of suitable shape. The lost motifs below the cross-arms might in theory have been any of a range of closed-circuit patterns, but the restrained simplicity of the whole cover in comparison with Hackthorn 1 and Lincoln City (Broadgate) 1, and the exact fit of the triquetra make further knots of that form a reasonable supposition (as Stocker 1986a, fig. 46). The use of the triquetra as a prime decorative motif is found on hogback grave-covers at Brompton, Yorkshire NR (Lang 1984, 121), and Plumbland, Cumberland (Bailey and Cramp 1988, ill. 535), on Yorkshire shafts such as those at Hawsker (Collingwood 1927, fig. 168) and Lastingham (Lang 1991, ills. 574–7), and in tenth-century metalwork such as the engraved silver casket plate (Wilson 1964, no. 154, 214–5, pl. XLIV) or the pendant (ibid., no. 149, 207–8, pl. XLIII), both in the British Museum.

Date
Later tenth century
References
Colyer 1976, 8, fig. 3.10; Jones 1981, 98, pl. XVIIIa–b; Rodwell 1981, 160, fig. 77; Stocker 1986a, 60, 64, no. I/2, fig. 46
Endnotes

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