Volume 10: The West Midlands

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Current Display: Shrewsbury St Mary 3, Shropshire Forward button Back button
Overview
Present Location
Set at the west end of the south aisle of the church.
Evidence for Discovery

Leighton (1882, 252, fig. 3) states that this stone 'was 'found built under one of the northern pillars of the Norman arches in the nave'. Both Smith (1953, 14) and Carver (1969–74, 252) state that the discovery took place during installation of a heating system. Smith assigns the discovery to 1880, while Carver gives a date of 1850, but neither quotes a source for the dates given. Work on the heating system in 1879–80 seems to have been limited to the provision of a new boiler (Shropshire Archives, P257/C/2/1 and P257/B/3/10). A more likely date for the discovery may be 1864, when, as the incumbent related with reference to the nave and aisles, 'We took up the whole floor, and having occasion to secure sundry, but not many, vaults and graves within the church, and to provide channels for hot water pipes and gas mains, a thorough investigation of the whole foundation became necessary' (Lloyd 1900, 136–8).

M.H.
Church Dedication
St Mary
Present Condition
Quite good, but the stone has broken and been rejoined with cement.
Description

Grave-cover with an equal-arm cross of type E9 in low relief with curved armpits and the expanding arms ending in curved terminals. The spaces between the curving arms of the head are filled with outlined incised circles, the centres of which are cut down to emphasise the form of the head. There is a small flat boss at the centre of the cross-head. The shaft of the cross consists of a narrow vertical panel of tight four-strand plait. To one side of the shaft there is a simple plant form with two buds at the top of the main stem and two pairs of downward-curving side stems. On the other side of the shaft there is a heavy, flat-bodied, serpentine creature biting its own tail. There is an incised edge moulding around the surviving borders of the stone. The side faces are plain.

Discussion

This fine grave-cover is very similar to some of the early slabs from the Isle of Man, for example the tenth-century Olaf Liotulfson's Cross from Ballaugh (Cubbon 1983, 21, illus.), and offers a rare example of possible Scandinavian influence in tenth-century west Mercian sculpture. The early tenth century also saw a Scandinavian colony established on the Wirral by Norsemen from Ireland (Gelling 1992, 132–4), and contact with this area might offer an alternative source of influence. The cross-head is similar to that of the tenth-century Grutne cross from Margam, Glamorganshire (Redknap and Lewis 2007, 422–5, cat. G81) and an eleventh-century grave-cover from Gainford, Co. Durham (see no. 4 below). However this cross-head is not actually encircled and as such, in the shape of the arms, it is also related to a long-lived Anglian tradition seen for example in the fragment of a late eighth-century cross-head from Bath, Somerset (Cramp 2006, 141, ills. 175–6), or a rather squarer tenth-/eleventh-century cross-head from Kirklevington and the cross-heads on the double-ended cross on a similarly dated grave-slab from Spennithorne, both in northern Yorkshire (Lang 2001, 150–1, 198, ills. 450, 452, 745). The tenth century would seem to offer the most likely time for a carver in this area to be open to both sets of influences.

Date
Tenth century
References
Leighton 1882, 252, fig. 2; Hague and Radford 1956, 188, pl. XXVb; Pevsner 1958, 256; Carver 1969–74, 237; Williams 2000, 25–6, fig.
Endnotes

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