Volume 2: Cumberland, Westmorland and Lancashire-North-of-the-Sands

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Current Display: Waberthwaite 01, Cumberland Forward button Back button
Overview
Present Location
Churchyard, south of church
Evidence for Discovery
Discovered in 1825 during rebuilding of church porch and then reused as door threshold (Knowles 1878, 96). Between 1884 and 1889, moved to vestry (Calverley 1893c, 458). Later placed in churchyard (Parker 1926, 184)
Church Dedication
St John
Present Condition
Very worn
Description

The broad faces have been severely damaged by reuse, but all the surfaces are very eroded. The shaft seems to have been edged by a roll moulding.

A (broad): Traces of three panels marked out by roll mouldings. It is impossible to decipher the ornament that they enclosed.

B (narrow): A plant trail in which each curve is filled by a long stemmed leaf of a plain triangular type. Near to the top of the shaft the composition has gone wrong and the carver has inserted an additional leaf.

C (broad): The surface is nearly completely obliterated. There may be traces of a double roll moulding at the edges possibly enclosing a spiral scroll.

D (narrow): A changing interlace pattern separated by glides of varying length: at the top, probably half pattern C; then a single spiralled pattern A knot; and below a form of below, one register of complete turned pattern D with U-bend terminals, and what is probably part of a second, turned the opposite way up to the first.

Discussion

The changing patterns of interlace which are departing from precise geometric principles, and the berryless trail are all late features in the pre-Viking period. Despite the difference in technique this piece need not be very far removed in time from no. 2. Stylistically it is most like crosses in Yorkshire such as Hauxwell (Collingwood 1907a, 331, figs. a–d), or Collingham (Collingwood 1915a, 158, fig. e).

Date
Second half of ninth century
References
Knowles 1878, 96; Ferguson C.J. 1886, 67; Calverley 1893c, 458–60, pl. 461; Calverley 1899a, 273, 275, 300, pl. facing 273; Collingwood 1901a, 257; Smith 1913–14, 62; Collingwood 1902a, 273; Scott 1920, 193; Brøndsted 1924, 62; Collingwood 1925a, 81–2, fig. on 80; Parker 1926, 184–5, fig. on 119; Collingwood 1927a, 36, 111, fig. 134; Adcock 1974, ii, pl. 80; Bailey 1974a, I, 20, 21, 24, 36, II, 242–3, pls.; Cramp 1984, 106
Endnotes

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